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Logic Resources: Branches of Logic
Once you are past the basic, you come to see that logic
has many branches and flavours. Much of this is documented
on the web. This page points you to sites devoted to
some particular branch or another.
- Alternative Logic
This is a term I coined to capture the
various New Age logics which have emerged
in recent years, the paradigm of which is
deBono's Lateral Thinking.
- Logic On-Line - contains references to
the G.O.S.N. and S.I.D.P.E. methodologies
- Deontic Logic
This field of logic deals with permissions and
obligations. It is typically used in the field of
moral philosophy. Trying to teach it to computers
is a bear. ;)
- Description Logic
Description logics are languages tailored for
expressing knowledge about concepts and concept
hierarchies.
- Description Logics at Intelligent
Information Systems Laboratory,
Department of Computer and Information Science,
Linköping University
- Epistemic Logic
Epistemic logic is the study of the relations
between propositions describing states of knowledge
and belief. For example, if I know that I
am in France, does it follow that I ought to
believe that I am in France?
No references found - a few abstracts and book
titles, but that's it
- Fuzzy Logic
A lot of what is out there is imprecise. Many
of the concepts and definitions that we employ
are 'fuzzy'. This fact has lead to a branch of
logic which takes fuzziness into account. The
application of fuzzy logic theory concentrates
mainly on two areas: system control and computer
vision. Much of this list is taken from
LogicaL at Globewide Network Academy.
- Game Theory
Also known as decision theory, this branch
of logic combines probability theory with the
the value of certain outcomes.
- Intensional Logic
Intensional (or indexical) logic is the study of assertions and other expressions whose
meaning depends on an implicit context or index, such as time or spatial position.
- Many-Valued Logic
Most deductive logic assumes that a proposition
is either true or false. Many-valued
logic defines that assumption.
- Mathematical Logic
This is the study of the logical foundations of
mathematics. A fascinating discipline, but you
really must enjoy squiggles in your text
to enjoy it. Much of this list is borrowed from
Boris Piwinger's list.
- Medieval Logic
Brought to us by the leading lights of the twelth
century, Medieval Logic is for the most part the
study of universal forms.
- Modal Logic
Modal logic concerns the logic of possibility and necessity.
- Paraconsistent Logic
Most forms of logic assume consistency, that is
if A is true, then Not A must be
false. Paraconsistent logic denies this basic
assumption. This may sound like a denial of logic
entirely, but given that many people hold
inconsistent beliefs, it is an important area
of study. Also, some forms of mathematical logic,
such as intuitionisn, are variations on
paraconsistent logic.
- Persian Logic
I know nothing about Persian logic, so I'm not
even going to try a short sketch...
- Probability Theory
Probability theory is the study of the logic of
statistical inferences.
- Temporal Logic
Also known as Tense Logic, this branch of logic
deals with temporal relations between propositons. A
proposition which is true today may be false tomorrow;
we need to understand what effect this has on the
entailments of that proposition.
02 February 1996
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