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Viewing the Categorical Converter Black dots () are propositions. On the diagram, locate the premise and conclusion of your inference. You have three types of tokens: T (true), F (false), and U (undetermined). If the premise is true, place a true (T) token on the dot which represents the premise. If it is false, place a false (F) token on the dot. Any path ( may join the premise and the conclusion. Move the token from the premise to the conclusion, following the paths, exchanging it according to the following rules: U is never exchanged. If you have a T token, then: If you cross a contradiction () or contrary () symbol, exchange the T token for an F. If you cross a subcontrary () symbol, exchange the T token for a U. If you cross an arrow () pointing against your direction of travel, exchange the T token for a U. If you have a F token, then: If you cross a contradiction () or subcontrary () symbol, exchange the F token for a T. If you cross a Contrary () symbol, exchange the F token for a U. If you cross an arrow () pointing toward your direction of travel, exchange the F token for a U. When moving from the premise to the conclusion, you must avoid exchanging your token for a U if at all possible. The value of the token when it rests on the conclusion is the result of the inference. From here, you may learn how to use the Categorical Converter or learn how it was constructed. 10 August 1996 For Educators Stephen Downes Guide to the Logical Fallacies Copyright © Stephen Downes, 1995-2001 stephen.downes@ualberta.ca